It was the British era, ruling whole of India and still Pakistan was not separated and was part of India. Railway was spreading its reach and even far cities were becoming near and it was the fasted mode of transport at that time. In the year 1857 British East India Company expanding its railway connectivity between many major cities at that time to reach quickly and transport goods between kingdoms of India. And one among the projects was laying Karachi-Lahore rail line and Alexander Cunningham was put as in charge. When work started, workers of rail project noticed baked bricks, thought it is a quarry of bricks and without knowledge they started using bricks to construct rail line. Cunningham fond some of artifacts like seals, blades and potteries and assumed that the bricks belong to old town and a further excavation was done by Archeological Survey of India (ASI) and found that, it is one of the oldest lost city ‘Harappa’. Around 160kms of railway track laid using these bricks, we could imagine how big the population and city was. Later ASI lead by John Marshall and team includes Daya Ram Sahni, D R Bhandarkar, R D Banerji, M S Vats further continued findings along the old Indus river stream and identified many such sites, Mohenjo-Daro is one among them. By 2002 ASI identified more than 1000 such settlements, among them 616 are in India and 406 in Pakistan and only 96 cities where excavated. Because this civilization existed along the belt of river Indus, they are named as Indus Valley Civilization.
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